
WaveRider Operating Manual
48
Copyright 1997-2004 Jonathan Purcell
All Rights Reserved
MIDI
MIDI stands for the Musical Instrument Digital Interface. MIDI is a protocol or language
spoken between electronic musical instruments and computer based music software and
hardware. MIDI sends messages that are composed of note and velocity information. The
note number refers to the pitch of the note and consists of a number between 0 & 127.
Velocity is the loudness or volume of the note. Velocity also varies between 0 & 127. MIDI
is a keyboard or piano based metaphor and it is sometimes helpful to think of it as such. Each
time you produce a note there are two pieces of information sent along: the note and the
velocity. The velocity (or loudness) is so called because it is analogous to hitting the key on
the keyboard. The harder you hit it, the higher its’ velocity, the louder the note.
There are several other types of messages in MIDI, controller messages, voice messages,
pitch bend, and system exclusive messages. Voice messages set the voice or instrument on
each channel. Continuous controllers provide the ability to do such things as add sustain,
tremolo or pan between speakers. Sys ex or System Exclusive messages implement features
that are specific to a particular make and model of synthesizer. WaveWare does not
implement Sys ex messages but many synthesizers provide the mapping of controllers and/or
notes to sys ex.
Most implementations of MIDI have 16 channels . Some early sound cards had 4 channels.
Some high end systems provide the ability to multiplex providing supplemental banks of
channels in multiples of 16 channels (16, 32 etc.). MIDI makes use of numbered channels.
WaveRider has lettered biological channels (A,B,C,D).
You can map multiple biological parameters from a single biological channel to
multiple MIDI channels simultaneously. (You could conceivably map the output of one
biological channel to 16 MIDI channels). (e.g. you can map the coherence from channel A
to MIDI channel 1 and the Alpha from channel A to MIDI channel 2).
Generally it is not a good idea to have more than one biological output go to the same MIDI
channel unless you are careful to assign note values that do not conflict. If there is a conflict
you will probably notice it when one voice ‘grabs’ control of another channel.
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